Monday, May 18, 2020
Does Democracy Ensure Freedom - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1410 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2018/12/28 Category Politics Essay Type Assignment Level High school Tags: Freedom Essay Government Essay Did you like this example? Most of us at one point in life we might have asked our self, does democracy ensure our freedom? According to me, democracy ensures freedom, however, it does not always ensure freedom. Democracy is a type governance where the supreme power established by people for them is controlled by then indirectly with the use of representatives. According to Abraham Lincoln,democracy is the government of the people, by the people and for the people. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Does Democracy Ensure Freedom?" essay for you Create order (Buccola, 9) Thus democratic nation sums up all their supreme powers and vests them the people they elect to represent them. On the other hand, freedom can be defined as the state of being free to do anything that you want. Additionally, in democratic countries, freedom is a political right. This paper will discuss broadly if really democracy ensures freedom? Democracy is made up of two main principles which are equality and freedom. Hence, in democratic nations, their citizens are viewed as all equal before the law, and thus they all have a similar approach to the supreme powers of the country (Miller78, 447). The principle of freedom assures all certain legitimized freedom and liberty in democracy, which is mainly protected by the countrys constitution. Freedom is also classified into two main concepts, which are negative freedom and positive freedom. In Positive freedom is the freedom to do anything apart from the freedom of interfering. While the negative freedom comprises of all options of all freedoms which are open to a person or a group people in general which interferes with the freedom of others(Arendt, 33). In defining democracy, the most essential element is self-rule. The term democracy is made of two Greek words that are demos and Kratos, which mean people rule. This element of democracy is a very the fundamental concept of democracy since it secures the rights and freedom of people being governed. In a democratic of government people are sovereign, and thus they are the highest system of political authority (Hayward, 269). From this, we see that its citizens people must fully accept all the decisions created by the government. For instance, during elections period, all political candidates are given a chance to campaign freely so that can share their ideologies and policies with the voters allowing the voters to scrutinize every candidates ideas. According to Lewis, consent is an essential element in a democratic nation. However, its not a different component. The most significant thing is not whether a large population of the voting population agrees or approves the government and their policies, but its the manner in which the consent is secured. Having the power to vote for someone to represent you in making laws is freedom (Miller78, 447). This is because it likes you are employing somebody to work for you, and he or she fails you replace them with another. The ultimate goal of every government is to govern its people for their betterment. Thus most government today use democracy since it reflects the need for this form of government which allows the voice of its citizens to be heard through the elected representative. Since every voters vote count and the majority votes trumps. The elected legislators later go to legislate laws and regulations which resolves the issue affecting populations. This provides the citizens with a fair access to the legislative process and equality before constitution making sure that the population is protected because they pass the laws and for them to protect their rights and freedoms (Hayward, 270). Hence it is essential for all elected legislators at all levels of government be it national or local level; they should listen to the voice of the people and respond quickly to their needs because the taxpayer employs them. Another importance of democracy in providing freedom is the presence of a variety of political parties which represent different ideologies and policies to the people. In a democracy political parties are very strong and very active, hence playing a major role in the national political arena of the country. These parties also give the citizens a chance to exercise their freedom of speech and association. Additionally, the opposition party also helps to supervise the government, thus keeping the government on toes making them deliver to their citizens. Multiple parties also help in the protection of the human rights by upholding the dignity of all citizens and ensuring that all their voices even the weakest citizen is heard (Hayward, 270). Democracy ensures freedom for the people because for a county to be democratic, all its citizens must have the freedom to decide whether they will take part in the political activities and hand over the power of legislation to a group of people or a person who is more qualified in making laws and solving serious political issues, like an elected legislator. According to scholars, democracy is a type of government which depends on the constitution of a country. In the most nation, this constitution treats all people equally no matter their differences in culture, ethnicity or race. Thus everybody will participate in the process of legislation by electing representatives who will act on their constituents interest and address the issues affecting them. Protecting peoples freedom properly by using legislation means people freedom will be ensured (Blais, 86). However, a democratic type of government favors the majority making the elected representative cater for the issues of the majority so that he can secure votes to maintain his seat and power. This makes the representative forget the minority hence no one will solve the problems facing them, and their voices wont be had. As a result, the minority will lose their freedom since the elected official will no longer hear their voices because he is busy appeasing the majority. Consequently, d emocratic type of government rewards politicians with the excess power which they use for self-benefit forgetting the common citizen. Unfortunately, not all elected officials are always a reflected desire of the whole population. According to Dunn, democracy is not just the rule of the majority. Democracy is not also the right for anyone acts in whatever way they feel like with a callous disregard of other people. Consequently, democracy believes in the value and the opinion of every citizen thus it gives every citizen one vote so that we can all be equal. Even though its the majority ruling, important foundations of democracy believe that everybody is equal and they should be treated equally even the individual who is a minority member. The ultimate goal of every democratic government is to govern its people for their betterment. Thus most government today use democracy since it reflects the need for this form of government which allows the voice of its citizens to be heard through the elected representative. Because of every vote counts and the majority vote trumps. The elected legislators later go to legislate laws and regulations which resolves the issue affecting populations (Blais, 86). This makes the citizens have fair access to the legislative process and equality before constitution making sure that the population is protected because they pass the laws and for them to protect their rights and freedoms. In conclusion, I do believe that democracy type of government ensures freedom for all. This is because the option and the will of the people are what matters in this type of government, since people have full control of their rights and freedoms. Democracy cannot be classified as the best type of governance because it has some disadvantages. However, its the best option as compared to other types of government. This has made most countries in the world to adopt this types even though there is still some nation still using the traditional types of government. Democracy is better than this form of government since it aims at making everybody equal and striking balance in governing people thus allowing people to make their own rules. Democracy has ensured we have freedom through its core values which are freedom, fraternity, equality, accommodation of diversity and ensuring that justice supports all the human rights and freedoms as well. Work cited Arendt, Hannah. That is Freedom?. (2014): 32-49. Blais, Andre, Alexandre Morin-Chasse, and Shane P. Singh. Election outcomes, legislative representation, and satisfaction with democracy. Party Politics 23.2 (2017): 85-95. Buccola, Nicholas. Abraham Lincoln and Liberal Democracy. University Press of Kansas, 2016. Dunn, John. Setting the people free: the story of democracy. London: Atlantic Books, 2005. Hayward, Katy. Defining Democracy: Voting Procedures in Decision-making, Elections and Governance. (2015): 269-271. Miller 78, David. Citizenship and national identity.? Democracy: A Reader? (2016): 447.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Paper on Epigenetics - 1034 Words
Epigenetics: interaction of DNA methylation and chromatin Epigenetics is a field where advances are being made daily. Epigenetics is defined as ââ¬Å"heritable changes in gene expression that occur without a change in DNA sequence,â⬠as stated by Dr. Alan Wolffe. A way in which we can understand this definition is by taking the analogy of a card game. The cards, the DNA sequence, have been dealt and will not change, however we need to understand how to play the cards, the rules, which is epigenetics. The guidelines can vary and completely change the way the card game is played and who comes out on top. The rules that are studied and understood through this research paper are those of DNA methylation and chromatin. These changes can produceâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦So how is DNA methylated? Methylation takes place at the 5ââ¬â¢ C and 3ââ¬â¢G base pair. More specifically at the cytosine carbon and the same in the complimentary strand to this. This is not only done at a few sites, rather about 60-90% of these carbons are methylated! An area that is highly methylated will actually help to repress gene expression if it is methylated at CpG island sites, where transcription beings. DNA methylation can also result in inactivation of tumor suppression in cancer cells when it becomes abnormal, due to this, epigenetics becomes a strong focus point when studying cancer. Also this leads to the cytosineââ¬â¢s being replaced by a thymine, leaving behind a dangerous T-G pairing which will be inherited and passed down through laterdivision. Another way this epigenetic phenomenon is benefitted from is its use in gene therapy. When foreign genes are used into a new host, they are methylated and thus suppressed as a ââ¬Å"host defense mechanism.â⬠There are actually enzymes involved in the methylation, they are called, as one may be able to guess, DNA methyltransferases. There are two kinds of this enzyme the DNMT1 (maintenance) and de novo methylase. Th e first kind is responsible for methylating DNA that has one side already methylated, because it is a new daughter strand. The other methyltransferase is the one which creates theShow MoreRelatedEpigenetics And Autistic Spectrum Disorder1078 Words à |à 5 Pages Epigenetics and Autistic Spectrum Disorder Jowan Jones Old Dominion University ââ¬Æ' Abstract This paper plans to focus on autism spectrum disorder and how epigenetics contributes to the development of the disease. ASD is comorbid with other neurodevelopmental diseases including Rett Syndrome, Fragile X, Prader-Willi, and Angelman. These diseases have frequent, identifiable symptoms such as coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the nasal choanae, retardation of growth and or developmentRead MoreThe Role Of Epigenetics And Genetics, Research Of Epigenetics, And Diseases Associated With Epigenetics Essay773 Words à |à 4 PagesRole of Epigenetics The research of epigenetics has evolved from the twentieth century from two scientists including Conrad H. Waddington and Ernst Hadorn who combined genetics and biology. There was an interest in this study in the 1990s. Research has evolved trying to figure out the changes caused by epigenetic mechanisms. This field is growing as researchers are unraveling environmental and lifestyle influences on genes (Epigenetics, n.d.). This paper will discuss differences in epigenetics and geneticsRead MoreA Study Of Changes Throughout Gene Expression1567 Words à |à 7 PagesEpigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression which may be inherited with no changes to the DNA sequence itself- it may account for non-Mendelian population inheritance patterns. Transgenerational inheritance requires a chromosomal or epigenetic change in the germline allowing the information to be passed on from one generation to another (Anway et al 2005a). In order for epigenetic marks to be passed down, the ga metes need to conserve their epigenomes by avoiding two reprogramming events;Read MoreA Research On Schizophrenia And Anorexia Nervosa1269 Words à |à 6 Pageseverything that happens in the gene expression process that is above the genome. The epigenetic process is typically due to histone modification, CpG island methylation, RNA associated silencing, and some other factors. The process is triggered via cell-to-cell signaling, neighborhood cells sending signals, physiology, and environment. The epigenetic change can be transient, permanent, or heritable. In my chosen paper, the researchers are looking into how the social environment can ââ¬Ëget into the mindââ¬â¢Read MoreHow Does The Change Affect Our Grandchildren?990 Words à |à 4 PagesBy studying Epigenetics, we learn about the changes in heritable genome function without changes in the DNA sequence itself. Transgenerational inheritance requires a chromosomal or epigenetic change in the germline allowing the informati on to be passed on from one generation to another (Anway et al 2005a). In order for epigenetic marks to be passed down, the gametes need to conserve their epigenomes by avoiding two reprogramming events; in the gamete and zygote. It has generally been accepted thatRead MoreLocal Chromatin Environment Of A Polycomb Target Gene Instructs Its Own Epigenetic Inheritance889 Words à |à 4 PagesThe main question being addressed in ââ¬Å"Local chromatin environment of a Polycomb target gene instructs its own epigenetic inheritanceâ⬠is whether histones modified by Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) are inherited through memory stored locally in gene expression sites (cis memory) or by concentrations of diffusible factors at chromatin states (trans memory). Before this studyââ¬â¢s findings were published, the studies mentioned in the introduction, which served as precursors to this study, imply thatRead MoreBehavioral Epigenetics : Biological Heredity And Nurture1428 Words à |à 6 Pagesothers do not? Behavioral epigenetics examines how nurture shapes nature, where nature refers to biological heredity and nurture refers to everything that occurs during the animal s lifespan. Epigenetics is the study of alterations in an organism caused by modifications of gene expressions instead of alterations of the genetic code itself. Behavioral epigenetics is the field of study, which analyzes the role epigenetics have in shaping human or animal behavior. Epigenetics works by wrapping DNA aroundRead MoreA Comparison Of Dna Methylation Between Infants Delivered Vaginally And By Caesarian Section1714 Words à |à 7 PagesModule: Molecular micriobiology and epigenetics Dr. Tina Kyndt 19/04/2015 Dries Godderis Faculteit Bio-Ingenieurswetenschappen UGent ââ¬â Coupure Links 653 ââ¬â 9000 Gent Paper epigenetics A comparison of DNA-methylation between infants delivered vaginally and by caesarian section 1 Introduction This paper, written for the course ââ¬ËMolecular microbiology and epigeneticsââ¬â¢ is a summary of two existing articles: ââ¬ËEpigenetic modulation at birth - altered DNA-methylation in white blood cells after CaesareanRead MoreNickel And Its Effects On Our Planet865 Words à |à 4 Pagesmechanism is yet unknown. Mutation assays involving nickel exposer to species ranging from Salmonella to mammalian cells, in vitro, have shown that nickel has low mutagenic activity. It is believed that structural alterations in chromatin and epigenetic changes are the driving force behind nickel carcinogenesis. Nickel compounds have been shown to silence genes by inducing DNA methylation, which was first noticed in the Chinese hamster G12 cell line. DNA methylation following nickel compound exposureRead MoreGenetic Markers Don t Always Match Physical Appearance1638 Words à |à 7 Pageslifestyle choices, like smoking or drinking, we are altering our body, it is called the ââ¬Ëepigeneticââ¬â¢ effect. Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of DNA. Epigenetic literally means on top of genetics, it refers to external modifications to DNA that turn genes on or off. These modifications do not change the DNA sequence, but instead, they affect how cells read genes. One example of an epigenetic change is DNA methylation, which adds a chemical cap, to part of the DNA molecule, which
Richard The Lion Hearted Essay Paper Example For Students
Richard The Lion Hearted Essay Paper Greek Mythology played a very key role in the lives of the Greeks. Through the many legends about the gods, the Greeks were able to find reasons for all the laws of nature in a supernatural form. These legends were passed down from generation to generation until the spread of Christianity. On top of giving the Greeks reasons for natures action, their religion also gave them a faith that thing were going to be okay, which is something that all humans crave. The Greeks had 13 major gods. They often used these gods in their myths and prayed to them for particular needs. The head of the gods was Zeus who was also the god of the sky. Whenever Zeus spoke, he was listened to and his word was always final. Zeus had two brothers, Poseidon and Hades. The three brothers drew straws to decide who would control the skies, who would control the seas, and who would control the underworld. Zeus gained control over the skies and became king of the gods. Zeus used his mighty thunderbolts to punish all those who disobeyed him. Zeus married Hera, making her the queen of the gods. The sky god was extremely unfaithful to his wife and slept with women from queens all the way down to peasants. Since Zeus was king of the gods Hera could rarely force Zeus to do any penance, so she took out her wrath on the women Zeus slept with. Zeuss symbols were thunderbolts and eagles. When the three brothers drew straws to determine what area they would control Poseidon got the sea. His wife was Amphritrite who was a Nereid. Like Zeus, Poseidon was not very faithful to his spouse and had many affairs with the nymphs. Poseidon fathered several children who were extremely cruel and wild. Among his children were Orion the giant and the Polyphemus Cyclops. In art, Poseidon is generally featured holding a trident and accompanied by a dolphin. Also, Poseidon was said to have created many animals. He accidentally created such animals as the zebras while perfecting the horse. Hades was the god of the dead. When he and his three brothers divided up the universe, he ended up with the underworld. Hades rarely came out of the underworld to Mount Olympus, the place where the gods resided, because he was not welcome there. Persephone, whom Hades had abducted in order to get her to the underworld, was Hades queen. Hades was a pitiless god who never paid attention to prayer or sacrifice. But Hades was not an evil god. He was often referred to as the Lord of the riches because his kingdom was believed to be the reason for precious metals and crops. Hades wore a helmet and a cape that made him invisible. Hera was the queen of the gods. She was both the wife and sister of Zeus. Hera was a jealous goddess who never forgot an injury and always remembered to retaliate at the source of the injury with vengeance. She was the mother of Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus. Hera was extremely displeased at the way that Zeus often treated children. Hera was the protector of marriage, married women, and children. Many people think that Hera was an ugly god that had no life outside of harassing here husband about his other relationships, because she was always after Zeuss mortal partners, but this is not true for she was thought to be one of the most beautiful gods, and many god were attracted to her. Demeter was the goddess of harvest. When her daughter, Persephone, was abducted to the underworld, Demeter became depressed. As a result Demeter produced no harvest and caused a famine. Zeus had to step in to correct the situation. Zeus ordered Hades to allow Persephone to be released. Hades obeyed his brother but before he let Persephone go, he forced her to eat pomegranate seeds that would cause her to come back to him for four months each year. So during the months Demeter was with her daughter she produced great crops; during the months Hades was with Persephone there was only death among the crops. Hestia was the goddess of the hearth and everyday life. She was also Zeuss sister. Most Greek people prayed to Hestia each day. In most homes there was a hearth that was not ever allowed to be put out because the fire was devoted to Hestia. These fires that burned in everyones home created a unity between the people. Ares was the son of Zeus through Hera and was perhaps the only son they had together. Both Zeus and Hera hated their son. Ares was the combat part of war. Ares is often looked on as an inspiration for people fighting for their life with odds heavily against them. The vulture and dog were the two animals associated with Ares. Both describe his character extremely well. Athena or Athene was the goddess of wisdom and the other god of war. Role as a war god was to give strategies guidance and wisdom to the warriors. She was Zeuss daughter and had no mother because Zeus had created her from the earth. Athena is often called gray-eyed because of her deep colored eyes. She was by far the favorite child of. Zeus even let her carry his aegis and use his thunderbolts. Sh e created the olive tree, which became known as her tree. The owl was her bird because they both were thought to have great wisdom. Cecrops was the king of Attica and had plans to build a magnificent city. The gods saw the plans for the building of this city and were greatly interested. The gods foresaw that this city would become a great city, so they had a dispute over which god should be the citys patron. After a many long arguments, it became obvious that either Athena or Poseidon would be the citys patron. A contest was held to end the dispute in which both Athena and Poseidon would give a gift to the city. Whoevers gift was greater would become the patron of the city. Poseidon created a four-mile salt spring that extended to the city and promised a might navy and great trading vessels. Then gray-eyed Athena planted a small bush that was laughed at by many. She said that it was the olive bush and poor men could flavor their bread and milk, and rich men could feast on oil create d from these olives bushes. Many gifts of this oil would be used as a sacrifice to the gods. The judges were so pleased with the olive that they declared the city Athens and built a huge temple in honor of the citys new patron Athena. Apollo was the son of Zeus through Leto. Many of the gods loved Apollo because he displayed his great musical talents before them. He was the god of healing and archery. It was said that when a mortal got sick it was because Apollo had shot him with one of his arrows. When a mortal healed it was credited to Apollo because he had first taught man how to heal. Apollo was also the god of light (not sun) and truth since he never told a lie. The animals sacred to him were the crow and dolphin. Artemis was the twin sister of Apollo and daughter of Zeus. She was like an untamed animal that loved to hunt. Artemis was the goddess of wild women, the moon, and untamed animals. Artemis was the protector (along with Hera) and the hunter of the gods. She seemed to a lmost have a split personality because at times she could be the most gentle and loving of the gods, usually when she was around children, and at other times she was the most ferocious and angry of all the gods, often when someone killed an animal on her sacred grounds. The deer was the animal most loved by Artemis. It is unsure whether Aphrodite is another daughter of Zeus or born from the sea. Most stories state that she was born from the sea. Aphrodite was the goddess of beauty and love because she was by far the most beautiful of all the gods. She was in the love triangle between her lame husband Hephaestus and Ares the god of war. The swan and dove were two of the birds sacred to her. Maia was the son of Atlas and a nymph. The son of Zeus and Maia was Hermes. Hermes was the messenger god and ended up in most all tales of mythology. Hermes ran messages for all the gods, but mainly for Zeus. Hermes was the god of trade and commerce. He was also a master thief and protector of tra ders. Hermes stole Apollos herds when he was a day old, but earned his forgiveness by giving Apollo the lyre he had just made. During Hermes last message he was led to the underworld by Hades where he had to stay for eternity much to most of the gods displeasure. Through these gods and the legends surrounding the gods, the Greeks found reasons for everything they did. They were also always able to find a god to motivate them to continue through the day and to use as inspiration. Even though the gods would eventually be nearly forgotten after the spread of Christianity, they would be studied for generations to follow. .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .postImageUrl , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:visited , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:active { border:0!important; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:active , .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3dee00afa9827b958fe936b3831cb1ac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Most Beautiful Girl in the World Essay End NotesHistory Essays
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